While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. They are naturally distributed in tropical eastern africa, the mascarene islands, southeast asia, malaysia, australia, and polynesia. Media in category casuarina equisetifoliathe following 200 files are in this category, out of 255 total. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Casuarina comes from the latinized version of the word for cassowary, in reference to the small branches of this tree that resemble the droopy plumage of the cassowary bird native to australia. This tree has quite attractive leaves branches that resemble horse hair, native to south east asia and parts of australia. Casuarina equisetifolia, the australian pine tree or whistling pine tree, is a sheoak species of the genus casuarina. Genetic variation of casuarina equisetifolia subsp equisetifolia and c. Latin for casuarius or cassowary, branches resemblance to birds feathers. Microscopic study of the branching process in the nodule lobes led him to conclude that branching was initiated in the apex by a segmentation of the. Trials included mistbench with bottom heat, waterculture jars, and, for large numbers, an aerated hydroponic system. The australian pine or beefwood casuarina equisetifolia l.
Casuarina equisetifolia risk california invasive plant. Field guide to identify the common casuarina australian. Ironwood, australian pine casuarina equisetifolia l. Horsetail casuarina, horsetail sheoak, beach casuarina and coastal sheoak. A rapidly growing tree that may reach a height of 120 to 150 ft with trunk diameters up to 24 in. Hawaiian plants a nd tropical flowers, casuarina equisetifolia common iron wood. Overview appearance casuarina equisetifolia is a deciduous tree that occurs in open, coastal habitats including sand beaches, rocky coasts and sand dunes. Juvenile, mature softwood, and mature hardwood stem cuttings from 1 to 6yrold trees of the casuarina ceae were tested for their capacity to form roots. Field guide to identify the common casuarina australian pine.
Belonging to the casuarinaceae family, casuarina equisetifolia is a plant with a straight trunk that can reach a height of 5065 feet. Casuarina equisetifolia she oak, common ru, australian. Frequently colonizes disturbed sites, such as filled wetlands, road shoulders, cleared land, and undeveloped lots maxwell 1984. Note the open, spreading canopy and the smooth bark with underlying patches of red evident in several places on the trunks. Names of casuarina equisetifolia in various languages of. Initiation and development of root nodules of casuarina.
Casuarina equisetifolia, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects. Rap publication 200607 food and agriculture organization of the united nations regional office for asia and the pacific. Casuarina equisetifolia herb uses, benefits, cures, side. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 382558 with original publication details. Casuarina equisetifolia is a 60115 tall monoecious evergreen tree with a spireshaped crown and graygreen drooping branches to 12 long and small cones to 1. Australian pine casuarina equisetifolia florida exotic pest. This is an excerpt from weeds of hawaiis pastures and natural areas. Casuarina equisetifolia she oak, common ru, australian pine. Prohibited from use in florida according to the federal noxious weed list, the florida department of agriculture and consumer services fdacs 5b64.
Pdf casuarina equisetifolia l a potential tree researchgate. Casuarina equisetifolia casuarinaceae hear species info. Casuarina equisetifolia risk california invasive plant council. The straight, cylindrical bole can be free of branches for 10 metres or more and 20 100cm in diameter.
Casuarina is a hardwood tree that is grown in areas bordering water in the tropics. Most casuarina forests are low in height, sometimes with a dense, shrubby understorey. Casuarina equisetifolia fixes ca 60230 kg nhayr aspiras, 1981. Casuarina is a genus of 17 tree species in the family casuarinaceae, native to australia, the indian subcontinent, southeast asia, islands of the western pacific ocean, and eastern africa. It was once treated as the sole genus in the family, but has been split into four genera see. Giesen, wim and stephan wulffraat, max zieren and liesbeth scholten. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in casuarina equisetifolia. The wood, burning with immense heat, even when green, has been called the best firewood in the world. This page was last edited on 8 november 2017, at 12. Rhu tree casuarina equisetifolia on the shores of singapore. Casuarina equisetifolia ufifas assessment university. Casuarina species ufifas center for aquatic and invasive. The propagation of casuarina species from rooted stem cuttings. Elfers 1988 summarized control information for the casuarinas as a group i.
Equisetum is latin for horse hair describing the weeping effect of the foliage. Casuarina equisetifolia is an evergreen tree growing to 30 m 98ft by 20 m 65ft at a fast rate. It is reported to be invasive in a number of countries and is a particular problem in florida and south africa, and reportedly invasive elsewhere, e. List of various diseases cured by casuarina equisetifolia. Usersmed iadownloadscasuarina %20 equisetifolia%20l.
Casuarinaceae, the beefwood family of dicotyledonous flowering plants, with two genera casuarina, 30 species. Estimating productivity of casuarina equisetifolia grown on tinmine lands. Field guide to identify the common casuarina australian pine species in florida 4 2. Names of casuarina equisetifolia in various languages of the world are also given. Genetic variation of casuarina equisetifolia subsp. An assessment of dna polymorphisms and genetic relationships of casuarina equisetifolia using rapd markers. Casuarina forests occur as woodlands or open forests over more than 2. Occurs throughout south florida, from orlando south, on sandy shores and in pinelands. In australia, the fruits of all species of casuarina are a major food source for several species of parrots schodde et al. Two subspecies, equisetifolia and incana, are recognized wilson and johnson, 1989. A huge australian pine, horsetail casuarina, horsetail sheoak, ironwood casuarina equisetifolia as observed at the kula botanical garden in maui with the light playing on its limbs a view of australian pine, horsetail casuarina, horsetail sheoak, ironwood casuarina equisetifolia wispy, soft, pinelike, jointed branchlets.
Casuarina equisetifolia is a deciduous tree that occurs in open, coastal habitats including sand beaches, rocky coasts and sand dunes. One of a genus of 17 species, casuarina equisetifolia is native to the tropical and subtropical coastlines of australia, south east asia, malesia, melanesia, and. Casuarina equisetifolia is a member of the casuarinaceae beefwood family. Litter fall from casuarina littoralis is said to run 29 mthayr. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. No definitive evidence, but casuarina glauca suspected allelopathic and casuarina equisetifolia caused severe allelopathic inhibitions on cowpea in laboratory bioassay. Heartwood light red to reddish brown, becoming darker in older. The name is derived from the latin equinus pertaining to horses, and folium a leaf, in reference to the fine drooping twigs which are reminiscent of coarse horse hair. Proceedings of the 2nd international casuarina workshop. In asia, leaf litter from plantations is often removed as fuel.
Casuarina, pino australiano casuarina equisetifolia. Construction under cover, tool handles, posts and poles treated, charcoal, tests in india indicate the wood is suitable for chemical and semichemical pulps. Casuarina equisetifolia on the nparks flora and fauna website. Mature casuarina equisetifolia trees on long boat key, florida.
Usersmediadownloadscasuarina %20 equisetifolia%20l. The tallest casuarina forests occur along rivers, where trees can grow to more than 20 metres. For small infestations the manual removal of seedlings and. Staminate spikes densely flowered, 16 cm long, bracts densely pubescent. Field guide to identify the common casuarina australian pine species in florida 3 figure 1. Young seedlings are the targets of pests such as hares and rabbits, and foliage. Feb 10, 2016 a huge australian pine, horsetail casuarina, horsetail sheoak, ironwood casuarina equisetifolia as observed at the kula botanical garden in maui with the light playing on its limbs a view of australian pine, horsetail casuarina, horsetail sheoak, ironwood casuarina equisetifolia wispy, soft, pinelike, jointed branchlets. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Australianpine, beefwood, ironwood, sheoak, horsetail tree synonymy.
The proximate composition of both the leaves and fruits of. Casuarina equisetifolia is an evergreen tree with a finely branched, feathery crown, usually growing growing from 6 35 metres tall though occasional plants up to 60 metres tall have been recorded. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Species the species name equisetifolia is a combination of the latin root words equi meaning horse, seti meaning with. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
The use of casuarina equisetifolia for protection forests in china. Therefore, in the present study, two different methods, which are routinely used for many plant species, were tested to isolate dna from needles of casuarina. They are naturally distributed in tropical eastern africa, the mascarene. How casuarina equisetifolia is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Miehe 1918 described the general structure of the nodules of casuarina equisetifolia, and noted its resemblance to that of the nodules of alnus. Widely grown in malaysia, the pacific islands, australia and west indies, casuarina is used in shipbuilding for the quality of. Nutraceutical constituents of casuarina equisetifolia. The propagation of casuarina species from rooted stem. It is not a true pine tree and is not related to the pines. Isolation of high quality dna for aflp amplification in casuarina equisetifolia l.
Evergreen tree to 46 m 150 ft tall, usually with single trunk and open, irregular crown. Longfavored for use in erosion control along beaches, australianpine tree is now outlawed in many parts of florida due to its invasive nature, rapid growth rate, and nonnative status. Casuarina equisetifolia is widely introduced and naturalized, and is almost ubiquitous on beaches throughout the tropics. Plants profile for casuarina equisetifolia beach sheoak. Casuarina equisetifolia is probably the most invasive species in south florida element stewardship abstract for casuarina equisetifolia australian pine. Nutraceutical constituents of casuarina equisetifolia leaves. Its ability to fix free nitrogen allows it to thrive on coastal sands where few other plants can survive. Casuarina equisetifolia is one of many trees used for decorative purposes. The native range extends throughout southeast asia, northern australia and the pacific islands. Mangrove guidebook for southeast asia pdf online downloadable. The record derives from wcsp which reports it as an accepted name record 382558 with original publication details.
For more information and pictures about casuarina equisetifolia, view the langelandburks book. Gymnostoma, 20 species of trees and shrubs, many of which have a distinctly pinelike aspect when seen from afar. Casuarina litorea, iron wood, coast sheoak, whistling pine, australian pine, horsetail beefwood, australian oak, swamp oak, toa samoa. Widely grown in malaysia, the pacific islands, australia and west indies, casuarina is used in shipbuilding for the quality of its wood.
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